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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-025-12-1644</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">22688</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>I.3.7 - Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism</subject>
          <subject>L.3.0 - eLearning Systems/Technology/Tools/Platforms</subject>
          <subject>L.5.1 - Game Based Learning/Gaming</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Gamification Support for Learning in Spatial Computing Environments</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Hensen</surname>
            <given-names>Benedikt</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">hensen@dbis.rwth-aachen.de</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Koren</surname>
            <given-names>István</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Klamma</surname>
            <given-names>Ralf</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany</addr-line>
        <institution>RWTH Aachen University</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Aachen</addr-line>
        <country>Germany</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Benedikt Hensen (<email xlink:type="simple">hensen@dbis.rwth-aachen.de</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>25</volume>
      <issue>12</issue>
      <fpage>1644</fpage>
      <lpage>1665</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/3D5B8F42-0F57-514D-9B32-BE453A105688">3D5B8F42-0F57-514D-9B32-BE453A105688</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/4840942">4840942</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2019</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>31</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2019</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Benedikt Hensen, István Koren, Ralf Klamma</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>With the rise of mixed reality hardware and software, new opportunities in formal higher education arise, e.g. in anatomy, as the United States of Americage of 3D structures instead of 2D images or anatomical models supports a better understanding and enhances the learning process. But even with access to virtual 3D models, motivation is a key element for successful learning and for progressing over a longer period of time. Mixed reality spaces offer new opportunities for combining a 3D stereoscopic depth perception of anatomic models together with gamification and interactive learning. Virtual 3D models can be enhanced with additional information which can name and explain separate elements. Therefore, we developed GaMR, a gamified framework for learning in mixed reality, where 3D models can be experienced on the Microsoft HoloLens and the HTC Vive. Quiz creation is supported by placing annotations on the model. Progress is rewarded by badges. The gamification strategy guides the student and gives feedback about the learning progress. This open source gamification framework for mixed reality was evaluated with students and doctors from a medical university. It showed that it can be employed in many academic and industrial use cases.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
