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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-021-05-0656</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23199</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>L.1.3 - Ontology/Taxonomy and Classification</subject>
          <subject>L.1.4 - Semantic Web</subject>
          <subject>L.3.0 - eLearning Systems/Technology/Tools/Platforms</subject>
          <subject>L.3.6 - Technology Enhanced Learning</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Cloud Interoperability Service Architecture for Education Environments</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Rizzardini</surname>
            <given-names>Rocael Hernández</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">roc@galileo.edu</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Galileo University, Guatemala, Guatemala</addr-line>
        <institution>Galileo University</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Guatemala</addr-line>
        <country>Guatemala</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Rocael Hernández Rizzardini (<email xlink:type="simple">roc@galileo.edu</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2015</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2015</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>21</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>656</fpage>
      <lpage>678</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/0C26C1E3-66D1-55CB-89C4-0F31DFE61A29">0C26C1E3-66D1-55CB-89C4-0F31DFE61A29</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/5505131">5505131</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2015</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Rocael Hernández Rizzardini</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>MOOC adoption is growing, and several challenges are presented with it. One of them is the use of innovative tools for learning, with a special emphasis in having learners to represent their acquired knowledge in creative forms; therefore, some experiences in that regard will be introduced. Thus, orchestrating the learning experience with cloud-based external tools (realized as Web 2.0 tools) brings interoperability issues such as automated management of tools and interoperability scalability. This paper presents a new version of an architecture that is capable of interoperability with external tools by defining a semantic description of the tools' Web API using linked data. This creates the next generation of tool interoperability for educational environments. Furthermore, it makes machine discovery of the Web API possible; therefore, it does not require custom system interfaces to interoperate. It simplifies the plugging in of new external tools and maintenance of integrated services. Additionally, the architecture makes it possible to automate simple and complex tasks to be performed with the external tools, such as creating thousands of tool instances to be used by MOOC learners. The results are very promising and demonstrate that this approach is innovative, scalable and highly accurate. Currently, no standard, specification or framework has the same type of flexibility, integration simplicity and robust management for external tools.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
