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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-020-07-0986</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23333</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>H.5.m - Miscellaneous</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Keyboard-Card Menus: A New Presentation of Non-Standard Shortcuts</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Berman</surname>
            <given-names>Benjamin</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">benjamin-berman@uiowa.edu</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Hourcade</surname>
            <given-names>Juan Pablo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">The University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States of America</addr-line>
        <institution>The University of Iowa</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Iowa City</addr-line>
        <country>United States of America</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Benjamin Berman (<email xlink:type="simple">benjamin-berman@uiowa.edu</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>20</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <fpage>986</fpage>
      <lpage>1005</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/A43F2485-2135-5931-A44F-85C03069C5CB">A43F2485-2135-5931-A44F-85C03069C5CB</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/5505315">5505315</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>31</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Benjamin Berman, Juan Pablo Hourcade</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>Keyboard-card menus are a new type of menu system in which potentially hundreds of menu items are arranged in sets of keyboard patterns that are designed to be navigated using only a computer keyboard's character keys, for fast access. In selecting items from these menus, novice users physically rehearse the same actions that an expert would use. We describe these menus and their potential applications in further detail, along with a study comparing keyboard-card menus' presentation of what are effectively shortcuts with a presentation of these same shortcuts that uses dropdown menus. The data from our study shows that keyboard-card menus have significant advantages over dropdown menus in making the transition to expert use faster.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
