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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-022-09-1249</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23507</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>C.2.0 - General</subject>
          <subject>D.4.6 - Security and Protection</subject>
          <subject>K.6.5 - Security and Protection</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Secure Control Applications in Smart Homes and Buildings</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Praus</surname>
            <given-names>Friedrich</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">praus@technikum-wien.at</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Kastner</surname>
            <given-names>Wolfgang</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Palensky</surname>
            <given-names>Peter</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria</addr-line>
        <institution>University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Vienna</addr-line>
        <country>Austria</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A2">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria</addr-line>
        <institution>Technische Universität Wien</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Vienna</addr-line>
        <country>Austria</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A3">
        <label>3</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">TU Delft, Delft, Netherlands</addr-line>
        <institution>TU Delft</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Delft</addr-line>
        <country>Netherlands</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Friedrich Praus (<email xlink:type="simple">praus@technikum-wien.at</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2016</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2016</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>22</volume>
      <issue>9</issue>
      <fpage>1249</fpage>
      <lpage>1273</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/501D6DEC-DCE3-56D7-9EC2-92E452665B94">501D6DEC-DCE3-56D7-9EC2-92E452665B94</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/5505555">5505555</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>12</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Friedrich Praus, Wolfgang Kastner, Peter Palensky</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>With today's ongoing integration of heterogeneous building automation systems, increased comfort, energy efficiency, improved building management, sustainability as well as advanced applications such as active &amp; assisted living scenarios become possible. These smart homes and buildings are implemented as decentralized systems, where embedded devices are connected via networks to exchange their data. Obviously, the demands - especially regarding security - increase: Secure communication becomes equally important as secure software being executed on the embedded devices. While the former has been addressed by standardization committees, manufacturers and researchers, until now the problem of secure control applications in this domain has not been addressed extensively. This leads to insecure and unprotected software being executed on the embedded devices. Thus, adversaries are capable of attacking building automation systems. This paper introduces an architecture for distributed control applications in smart homes and buildings, which tackles the problem on how to secure software running on different device classes. The following novelties are contributed: an application model capable of depicting control applications in a formal way, the concept of security attributes, being able to formally specify a security policy, and a framework, which allows the secure development and execution of control applications, and an enforcement of the defined security policies.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
