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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-024-11-1561</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23704</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>H.3.3 - Information Search and Retrieval</subject>
          <subject>H.3.5 - Online Information Services</subject>
          <subject>H.3 - INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Enhancing Spatial Keyword Preference Query with Linked Open Data</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>De Almeida</surname>
            <given-names>João Paulo Dias</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">joao.dias@ufba.br</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Durão</surname>
            <given-names>Frederico Araújo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Costa</surname>
            <given-names>Arthur Fortes da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Federal University of Bahia, Salvador da Bahia, Brazil</addr-line>
        <institution>Federal University of Bahia</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Salvador da Bahia</addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A2">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil</addr-line>
        <institution>University of São Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">São Paulo</addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: João Paulo Dias De Almeida (<email xlink:type="simple">joao.dias@ufba.br</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2018</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2018</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>24</volume>
      <issue>11</issue>
      <fpage>1561</fpage>
      <lpage>1581</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/06F83E53-BA28-5A2C-B93E-4E3ED091C1C6">06F83E53-BA28-5A2C-B93E-4E3ED091C1C6</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/5505797">5505797</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>07</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>João Paulo Dias De Almeida, Frederico Araújo Durão, Arthur Fortes da Costa</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>This paper presents a Spatial Keyword Preference Query (SKPQ) enhanced by Linked Open Data. This query selects objects based on the textual description of features in their neighborhood. The spatial relationship between objects and features is explored by the SKPQ using a Spatial Inverted Index. In our approach, the spatial relationship is explored using SPARQL. However, the main benefit of using SPARQL is obtained by measuring the textual relevance between features' description and user's keywords. The object description in Linked Open Data is much richer than traditional spatial databases, which leads to a more precise similarity measure than the one employed in the traditional SKPQ. We present an enhanced SKPQ, an algorithm to process this enhanced query, and two experimental evaluations of the proposed algorithm, comparing it with the traditional SKPQ. The first conducted experiment indicate a relative NDCG improvement of the proposed approach over the traditional SKPQ of 20% when using random query keywords. The second experiment shows that using real query keywords, our approach obtained a significant increase in the MAP score.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
