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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-018-14-2024</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23847</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>F.1.1 - Models of Computation</subject>
          <subject>F.4.2 - Grammars and Other Rewriting Systems</subject>
          <subject>F.4.3 - Formal Languages</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Controlled Pure Grammar Systems</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Meduna</surname>
            <given-names>Alexander</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">meduna@fit.vutbr.cz</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Zemek</surname>
            <given-names>Petr</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic</addr-line>
        <institution>Brno University of Technology</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Brno</addr-line>
        <country>Czech Republic</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Alexander Meduna (<email xlink:type="simple">meduna@fit.vutbr.cz</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>18</volume>
      <issue>14</issue>
      <fpage>2024</fpage>
      <lpage>2040</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/DFB006F7-E382-5603-90DD-8E343C2D12E2">DFB006F7-E382-5603-90DD-8E343C2D12E2</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/5505995">5505995</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2012</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>16</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2012</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Alexander Meduna, Petr Zemek</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>This paper discusses grammar systems that have only terminals, work in the leftmost way, and generate their languages under the regulation by control languages over rule labels. It establishes three results concerning their generative power. First, without any control languages, these systems are not even able to generate all context-free languages. Second, with regular control languages, these systems, having no more than two components, characterize the family of recursively enumerable languages. Finally, with control languages that are themselves generated by regularcontrolled context-free grammars, these systems over unary alphabets generate nothing but regular languages. In its introductory section, the paper gives a motivation for introducing these systems, and in the concluding section, it formulates several open problems.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
