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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-019-15-2207</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23881</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>J.0 - GENERAL</subject>
          <subject>J.3 - LIFE AND MEDICAL SCIENCES</subject>
          <subject>J.7 - COMPUTERS IN OTHER SYSTEMS</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Cluster Perturbation Simulated Annealing for Protein Folding Problem</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Frausto-Solís</surname>
            <given-names>Juan</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">juan.frausto@upemor.edu.mx</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Sánchez-Pérez</surname>
            <given-names>Mishael</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Liñan-García</surname>
            <given-names>Ernesto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Sánchez-Hernández</surname>
            <given-names>Juan Paulo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Ramachandran</surname>
            <given-names>Manoj</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">UPEMOR, Jiutepec, Mexico</addr-line>
        <institution>UPEMOR</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Jiutepec</addr-line>
        <country>Mexico</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A2">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">UNAM, Cuernavaca, Mexico</addr-line>
        <institution>UNAM</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Cuernavaca</addr-line>
        <country>Mexico</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A3">
        <label>3</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">UADEC, Saltillo, Mexico</addr-line>
        <institution>UADEC</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Saltillo</addr-line>
        <country>Mexico</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A4">
        <label>4</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">ITESM Campus Cuernavaca, Jiutepec, Mexico</addr-line>
        <institution>ITESM Campus Cuernavaca</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Jiutepec</addr-line>
        <country>Mexico</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A5">
        <label>5</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Toc H Institute of Science and Technology, Ernakulam, India</addr-line>
        <institution>Toc H Institute of Science and Technology</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Ernakulam</addr-line>
        <country>India</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Juan Frausto-Solís (<email xlink:type="simple">juan.frausto@upemor.edu.mx</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>19</volume>
      <issue>15</issue>
      <fpage>2207</fpage>
      <lpage>2223</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/E302C170-3681-57C7-8FC5-C749ACBD361B">E302C170-3681-57C7-8FC5-C749ACBD361B</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/5506047">5506047</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>21</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2012</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2013</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Juan Frausto-Solís, Mishael Sánchez-Pérez, Ernesto Liñan-García, Juan Paulo Sánchez-Hernández, Manoj Ramachandran</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>In this paper, an improved Simulated Annealing algorithm for Protein Folding Problem (PFP) is presented. This algorithm called Cluster Perturbation Simulated Annealing (CPSA) is based on a brand new scheme to generate new solutions using a cluster perturbation. The algorithm is divided into two phases: Cluster Perturbation Phase and the Reheat Phase. The first phase obtains a good solution in a small amount of time, and it is applied at very high temperatures. The second phase starts with a threshold temperature and reheats the system for a better exploration. CPSA reduces the execution time of the Simulated Annealing Algorithm without sacrificing quality to find a native structure in PFP in Ab-Initio approaches.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
