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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3897/jucs.2020.004</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23989</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>I.2 - ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE</subject>
          <subject>J.3 - LIFE AND MEDICAL SCIENCES</subject>
          <subject>L.2 - LEARNING</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Detecting Epidemic Diseases Using Sentiment Analysis of Arabic Tweets</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Baker</surname>
            <given-names>Qanita Bani</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">qmbanibaker@just.edu.jo</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Shatnawi</surname>
            <given-names>Farah</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Rawashdeh</surname>
            <given-names>Saif</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Al-Smadi</surname>
            <given-names>Mohammad</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Jararweh</surname>
            <given-names>Yaser</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan</addr-line>
        <institution>Jordan University of Science and Technology</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Irbid</addr-line>
        <country>Jordan</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Qanita Bani Baker (<email xlink:type="simple">qmbanibaker@just.edu.jo</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>26</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>50</fpage>
      <lpage>70</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/CD27EC5A-0575-5A68-A743-6EA47982DB9C">CD27EC5A-0575-5A68-A743-6EA47982DB9C</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/5508475">5508475</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2019</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Qanita Bani Baker, Farah Shatnawi, Saif Rawashdeh, Mohammad Al-Smadi, Yaser Jararweh</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-ND 4.0). This license allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>Opinion mining is an important step towards facilitating information in health data. Several studies have demonstrated the possibility of tracking diseases using public tweets. However, most studies were applied to English language tweets. Influenza is currently one of the world's greatest infectious disease challenges. In this study, a new approach is proposed in order to detect Influenza using machine learning techniques from Arabic tweets in Arab countries. This paper is the first study of epidemic diseases based on Arabic language tweets. In this work, we have collected, labeled, filtered and analyzed the influenza-related tweets written in the Arabic language. Several classifiers were used to measure the quality and the performance of the approach, which are: Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Decision Trees, and K-Nearest Neighbor. The classifiers which achieved the best accuracy results for the three experiments were: Naïve Bayes with 89.06%, and K-Nearest Neighbor with 86.43%, respectively.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
