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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3897/jucs.2020.063</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">24118</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>L.0.0 - Assessment and Evaluation</subject>
          <subject>L.1.1 - Knowledge Measurement in Learning Process</subject>
          <subject>L.2.7 - User Satisfaction</subject>
          <subject>L.3.0 - eLearning Systems/Technology/Tools/Platforms</subject>
          <subject>L.3.6 - Technology Enhanced Learning</subject>
          <subject>L.3.8 - User interface</subject>
          <subject> Adaption</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The Effects of Using a Fully Integrated Mobile Application to Access Learning Management Systems in Higher Education</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Martín-Núñez</surname>
            <given-names>José Luis</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">joseluis.martinn@upm.es</email>
          <uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4102-6069</uri>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Sastre</surname>
            <given-names>Susana</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Peiró</surname>
            <given-names>José M.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Hilera</surname>
            <given-names>José R.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</addr-line>
        <institution>Universidad Politécnica de Madrid</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Madrid</addr-line>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A2">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain</addr-line>
        <institution>University of Valencia</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Valencia</addr-line>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A3">
        <label>3</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Universidad de Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain</addr-line>
        <institution>Universidad de Alcala</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Alcala de Henares</addr-line>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: José Luis Martín-Núñez (<email xlink:type="simple">joseluis.martinn@upm.es</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>26</volume>
      <issue>9</issue>
      <fpage>1213</fpage>
      <lpage>1229</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/A6AD22BA-7F8F-5F65-BA86-BEC5D396C70E">A6AD22BA-7F8F-5F65-BA86-BEC5D396C70E</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/5508595">5508595</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2017</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>22</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>José Luis Martín-Núñez, Susana Sastre, José M. Peiró, José R. Hilera</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-ND 4.0). This license allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>The use of mobile devices in the classroom is increasingly frequent. However, the LMS are still not completely adapted to this format, preventing students from using all the LMS web-functionalities in their mobiles. Hence, we present and evaluate the use of a new mobile application fully integrated with Learning Management Systems (LMS). We examined access to LMS by 95 postgraduate university students, differentiating between the services accessed and the means used. Students belonged to four consecutive promotions. In the first two, access to the system was through the web, while in the third and fourth, an app fully integrated with the LMS was available. The results showed an overall increase in access to LMS, with a considerable reduction in access via the web in favor of access via the application. Significant differences were found in the access patterns to communication and assessment services depending on the students' age, gender, academic major and previous m-learning experience. Satisfaction with the LMS rose when the app was available, with greater growth within the academic major on IT and previous m-learning experience group. Finally, students with high performance accessed the system significantly more than those with low performance. In conclusion, the integration of the app with the system showed useful and efficient results. The app eased the use of the system, increased student satisfaction with LMS, and student performance improved with increased access.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
