<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//TaxonX//DTD Taxonomic Treatment Publishing DTD v0 20100105//EN" "../../nlm/tax-treatment-NS0.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:tp="http://www.plazi.org/taxpub" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-001-07-0514</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">27145</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>G.1.0 - General</subject>
          <subject>I.1.1 - Expressions and Their Representation</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>On Directed Interval Arithmetic and its Applications</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Markov</surname>
            <given-names>Svetoslav M.</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">smarkov@bgearn.acad.bg</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, , Bulgaria</addr-line>
        <institution>Bulgarian Academy of Sciences</institution>
        <country>Bulgaria</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Svetoslav M. Markov (<email xlink:type="simple">smarkov@bgearn.acad.bg</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>1995</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>1995</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <fpage>514</fpage>
      <lpage>526</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/722BC502-FB98-5269-BC26-52DB6D087118">722BC502-FB98-5269-BC26-52DB6D087118</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/6995130">6995130</uri>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Svetoslav M. Markov</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>We discuss two closely related interval arithmetic systems: i) the of directed (generalized) intervals studied by E. Kaucher, and ii) the syste intervals together with the outer and inner interval operations. A relation two systems becomes feasible due to introduction of special notations and a normal form of directed intervals. As an application, it has been shown that interval systems can be used for the computation of tight inner and outer in of ranges of functions and consequently for the development of software for computation of ranges of functions.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
