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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-002-02-0070</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">27214</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>H.4 - INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS</subject>
          <subject>I.2.1 - Applications and Expert Systems</subject>
          <subject>J.0 - GENERAL</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Inexact Information Systems and its Application to Approximate Reasoning</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Andreeva</surname>
            <given-names>Plamena Tsanova</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">apsau@bgcict.acad.bg</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Institute of Control and System Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria</addr-line>
        <institution>Institute of Control and System Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Sofia</addr-line>
        <country>Bulgaria</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Plamena Tsanova Andreeva (<email xlink:type="simple">apsau@bgcict.acad.bg</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>1996</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>1996</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>70</fpage>
      <lpage>76</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/0E96C2FB-9A96-5E12-9DF4-9C6A488DF808">0E96C2FB-9A96-5E12-9DF4-9C6A488DF808</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/6995196">6995196</uri>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Plamena Tsanova Andreeva</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>The inexact information system is based on linguistic terms which have values lying in the interval [0,1]. Imprecision has advantages, because fuzzy sets avoid the rigidity of conventional mathematical reasoning and computer programming. Fuzzy quantifiers are made explicit by means of fuzzy logic. Many systems, for example, complex biological processes, cannot be programmed in a precise way. With fuzzy sets the implicit quantifiers can be easily translated into machine usable form. This paper discusses a method for the description of fuzzy quantifiers in formal languages. A comparison between approximate reasoning and the method of linear interpolation is made. Inexact information in biological and medical expert systems, and the reliability inferences based on it, are also discussed.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
