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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-011-06-0986</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">28425</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>E.3 - DATA ENCRYPTION</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A Provably Secure and Efficient Verifiable Shuffle based on a Variant of the Paillier Cryptosystem</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Nguyen</surname>
            <given-names>Lan</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">ldn01@uow.edu.au</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Safavi-Naini</surname>
            <given-names>Reihaneh</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Kurosawa</surname>
            <given-names>Kaoru</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">University of Wollongong, , Australia</addr-line>
        <institution>University of Wollongong</institution>
        <country>Australia</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A2">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Centre for Computer Security Research, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia</addr-line>
        <institution>Centre for Computer Security Research, University of Wollongong</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Wollongong</addr-line>
        <country>Australia</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A3">
        <label>3</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Ibaraki University, , Japan</addr-line>
        <institution>Ibaraki University</institution>
        <country>Japan</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Lan Nguyen (<email xlink:type="simple">ldn01@uow.edu.au</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2005</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2005</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>11</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>986</fpage>
      <lpage>1010</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/CC2B6DD6-83AC-574E-A8DB-501D376E52B6">CC2B6DD6-83AC-574E-A8DB-501D376E52B6</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/6996785">6996785</uri>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Lan Nguyen, Reihaneh Safavi-Naini, Kaoru Kurosawa</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>We propose a variant of the Paillier cryptosystem that improves efficiency in encryption, re-encryption and decryption while preserving the homomorphic property. We then use this variant to construct a new verifiable shuffle system and prove its security. We show that the new shuffle scheme has the least number of rounds and exponentiations compared to all known shuffle schemes. Finally, we show how to construct a publicly verifiable mix-net using the shuffle system.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
