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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-011-08-1426</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">28461</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>H.2.8 - Database Applications</subject>
          <subject>I.2.6 - Learning</subject>
          <subject>I.5.2 - Design Methodology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Incremental Rule Learning and Border Examples Selection from Numerical Data Streams</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Ferrer-Troyano</surname>
            <given-names>Francisco J.</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">ferrer@lsi.us.es</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Aguilar-Ruiz</surname>
            <given-names>Jesús S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Riquelme</surname>
            <given-names>José C.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Computer Science Department, University of Seville, , Spain</addr-line>
        <institution>Computer Science Department, University of Seville</institution>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A2">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Department of Computer Science, University of Seville, , Spain</addr-line>
        <institution>Department of Computer Science, University of Seville</institution>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A3">
        <label>3</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Computer Science Department, University Pablo de Olavide, , Spain</addr-line>
        <institution>Computer Science Department, University Pablo de Olavide</institution>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Francisco J. Ferrer-Troyano (<email xlink:type="simple">ferrer@lsi.us.es</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2005</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2005</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>11</volume>
      <issue>8</issue>
      <fpage>1426</fpage>
      <lpage>1439</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/2683B8AB-3861-5D81-85CE-C4C2C3D72E27">2683B8AB-3861-5D81-85CE-C4C2C3D72E27</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/6996835">6996835</uri>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Francisco J. Ferrer-Troyano, Jesús S. Aguilar-Ruiz, José C. Riquelme</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>Mining data streams is a challenging task that requires online systems based on incremental learning approaches. This paper describes a classification system based on decision rules that may store up-to-date border examples to avoid unnecessary revisions when virtual drifts are present in data. Consistent rules classify new test examples by covering and inconsistent rules classify them by distance as the nearest neighbour algorithm. In addition, the system provides an implicit forgetting heuristic so that positive and negative examples are removed from a rule when they are not near one another.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
