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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-014-17-2758</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">29188</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>L.1.0 - Knowledge Construction/Representation</subject>
          <subject>L.1.3 - Ontology/Taxonomy and Classification</subject>
          <subject>L.2.0 - Adaption/Adaptive eLearning</subject>
          <subject>L.3.0 - eLearning Systems/Technology/Tools/Platforms</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>ITS Domain Modelling with Ontology</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Martin</surname>
            <given-names>Brent</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">brent.martin@canterbury.ac.nz</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Mitrovic</surname>
            <given-names>Antonija</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Suraweera</surname>
            <given-names>Pramuditha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand</addr-line>
        <institution>University of Canterbury</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Christchurch</addr-line>
        <country>New Zealand</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A2">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">University of Canterbury, Canterbury, New Zealand</addr-line>
        <institution>University of Canterbury</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Canterbury</addr-line>
        <country>New Zealand</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A3">
        <label>3</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Carnegie Learning Inc, Pittsburgh, United States of America</addr-line>
        <institution>Carnegie Learning Inc</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Pittsburgh</addr-line>
        <country>United States of America</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Brent Martin (<email xlink:type="simple">brent.martin@canterbury.ac.nz</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2008</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2008</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>14</volume>
      <issue>17</issue>
      <fpage>2758</fpage>
      <lpage>2776</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/F53F5036-BD75-59D0-905D-EC0E61350382">F53F5036-BD75-59D0-905D-EC0E61350382</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/7000470">7000470</uri>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Brent Martin, Antonija Mitrovic, Pramuditha Suraweera</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>Authoring ITS domain models is a difficult task requiring many skills. We explored whether modeling ontology reduces the problem by giving the students of an e-learning summer school the task of developing the model for a simple domain in under sixty minutes using ontology. Some students also used our tool to develop a complete tutor in around eight hours, which is much faster than they could be expected to author the system without the tool. The results suggest this style of authoring can lead to very rapid ITS development. We further extend the ontological approach with domain schema: high-level abstractions that describe the semantics of the domain model for a class of domains. Using domain schema reduces the authoring effort to one of describing only those aspects that are unique to this particular domain, and enables the ontology-based approach to model domains with different semantic requirements.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
