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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3217/jucs-016-14-1882</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">29736</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>F.2.0 - General</subject>
          <subject>G.1.6 - Optimization</subject>
          <subject>I.2.8 - Problem Solving</subject>
          <subject> Control Methods</subject>
          <subject> and Search</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Applying RFD to Construct Optimal Quality-Investment Trees</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Rabanal</surname>
            <given-names>Pablo</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">prabanal@fdi.ucm.es</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Rodriguez</surname>
            <given-names>Ismael</given-names>
          </name>
          <uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7748-7780</uri>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Rubio</surname>
            <given-names>Fernando</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</addr-line>
        <institution>Universidad Complutense de Madrid</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Madrid</addr-line>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Pablo Rabanal (<email xlink:type="simple">prabanal@fdi.ucm.es</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2010</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2010</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>16</volume>
      <issue>14</issue>
      <fpage>1882</fpage>
      <lpage>1901</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/674300D5-965F-541A-960F-81671F55BDA7">674300D5-965F-541A-960F-81671F55BDA7</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/7001317">7001317</uri>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Pablo Rabanal, Ismael Rodriguez, Fernando Rubio</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This article is freely available under the J.UCS Open Content License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>River Formation Dynamics (RFD) is an evolutionary computation methodbased on copying how drops form rivers by eroding the ground and depositing sediments. Given a cost-evaluated graph, we apply RFD to find a way to connect a givenset of origins with a given destination in such a way that distances from origins to the destination are minimized (thus improving the quality of service) but costs to build theconnecting infrastructure are minimized (thus reducing investment expenses). After we prove the NP-completeness of this problem, we apply both RFD and an Ant ColonyOptimization (ACO) approach to heuristically solve it, and some experimental results are reported.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
