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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3897/jucs.67046</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">67046</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>H.2.5 - Heterogeneous Databases</subject>
          <subject>H.3.5 - Online Information Services</subject>
          <subject>H.4.3 - Communications Applications</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Integration Model between Heterogeneous Data Services in a Cloud</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Vieira</surname>
            <given-names>Marcelo Aires</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Ribeiro</surname>
            <given-names>Elivaldo Lozer Fracalossi</given-names>
          </name>
          <uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1697-9570</uri>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Claro</surname>
            <given-names>Daniela Barreiro</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">dclaro@ufba.br</email>
          <uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-1042</uri>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Mane</surname>
            <given-names>Babacar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil</addr-line>
        <institution>Federal University of Bahia</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Salvador</addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A2">
        <label>2</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Federal University of Southern Bahia, Porto Seguro, Brazil</addr-line>
        <institution>Federal University of Southern Bahia</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Porto Seguro</addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="A3">
        <label>3</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">Federal University of Bahia, Salvador - Bahia, Brazil</addr-line>
        <institution>Federal University of Bahia</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Salvador - Bahia</addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Daniela Barreiro Claro (<email xlink:type="simple">dclaro@ufba.br</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>27</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>387</fpage>
      <lpage>412</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/D97F9518-143C-53B9-ACD3-B7E2D34930F7">D97F9518-143C-53B9-ACD3-B7E2D34930F7</uri>
      <uri content-type="zenodo_dep_id" xlink:href="https://zenodo.org/record/4739868">4739868</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Marcelo Aires Vieira, Elivaldo Lozer Fracalossi Ribeiro, Daniela Barreiro Claro, Babacar Mane</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-ND 4.0). This license allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>With the growth of cloud services, many companies have begun to persist and make their data available through services such as Data as a Service (DaaS) and Database as a Service (DBaaS). The DaaS model provides on-demand data through an Application Programming Inter- face (API), while DBaaS model provides on-demand database management systems. Different data sources require efforts to integrate data from different models. These model types include unstructured, semi-structured, and structured data. Heterogeneity from DaaS and DBaaS makes it challenging to integrate data from different services. In response to this problem, we developed the Data Join (DJ) method to integrate heterogeneous DaaS and DBaaS sources. DJ was described through canonical models and incorporated into a middleware as a proof-of-concept. A test case and three experiments were performed to validate our DJ method: the first experiment tackles data from DaaS and DBaaS in isolation; the second experiment associates data from different DaaS and DBaaS through one join clause; and the third experiment integrates data from three sources (one DaaS and two DBaaS) based on different data type (relational, NoSQL, and NewSQL) through two join clauses. Our experiments evaluated the viability, functionality, integration, and performance of the DJ method. Results demonstrate that DJ method outperforms most of the related work on selecting and integrating data in a cloud environment.</p>
      </abstract>
      <funding-group>
        <award-group>
          <funding-source>
            <named-content content-type="funder_name">Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="funder_identifier">501100006181</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="funder_doi">http://doi.org/10.13039/501100006181</named-content>
          </funding-source>
        </award-group>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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