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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">109</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:3dc5f44e-8666-58db-bc76-a455210e8891</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">jucs</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0948-695X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">0948-6968</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Journal of Universal Computer Science</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3897/jucs.96652</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">96652</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>I.2.7 - Natural Language Processing</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Politically-oriented information inference from text</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>da Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Samuel Caetano</given-names>
          </name>
          <uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4469-8901</uri>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Paraboni</surname>
            <given-names>Ivandre</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">ivandre@usp.br</email>
          <uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-1477</uri>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil</addr-line>
        <institution>University of Sao Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Sao Paulo</addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Ivandre Paraboni (<email xlink:type="simple">ivandre@usp.br</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>29</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>569</fpage>
      <lpage>594</lpage>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/B466FDCC-6073-5EA7-AE15-966ADD1C4469">B466FDCC-6073-5EA7-AE15-966ADD1C4469</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Samuel Caetano da Silva, Ivandre Paraboni</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-ND 4.0). This license allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>The inference of politically-oriented information from text data is a popular research topic in Natural Language Processing (NLP) at both text- and author-level. In recent years, studies of this kind have been implemented with the aid of text representations ranging from simple count-based models (e.g., bag-of-words) to sequence-based models built from transformers (e.g., BERT). Despite considerable success, however, we may still ask whether results may be improved further by combining these models with additional text representations. To shed light on this issue, the present work describes a series of experiments to compare a number of strategies for political bias and ideology inference from text data using sequence-based BERT models, syntax-and semantics-driven features, and examines which of these representations (or their combinations) improve overall model accuracy. Results suggest that one particular strategy - namely, the combination of BERT language models with syntactic dependencies - significantly outperforms well-known count- and sequence-based text classifiers alike. In particular, the combined model has been found to improve accuracy across all tasks under consideration, outperforming the SemEval hyperpartisan news detection top-performing system by up to 6%, and outperforming the use of BERT alone by up to 21%, making a potentially strong case for the use of heterogeneous text representations in the present tasks.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
