Cyberattacks targeting the nuclear sector are now a reality; they are becoming increasingly frequent and sophisticated, while the perpetrators are increasingly motivated. The key stakeholders in the nuclear sector, such as nuclear facility operators, nuclear regulators responsible for nuclear safety or nuclear security, technical support organisations and computer equipment suppliers, must take the necessary cybersecurity measures to prepare for potential cyberattacks and provide the highest possible level of response to such cyberattacks. This can only be achieved by adopting a systematic approach to cyberattack response. When conducting the research study presented herein, a descriptive method was applied to review the scientific literature, various standards, recommendations and guides, as well as to devise an inventory of publicly available sources. On the basis of such an analysis, individual questions were then formulated in order to compile a structured interview, which was conducted with international experts working at nuclear facilities, nuclear regulators, technical support organisations, computer equipment suppliers and other organisations responsible for providing cybersecurity in the nuclear sector. On the basis of their responses, researchers devised an innovative and comprehensive Cyberattack Response Model to be used by Slovenia's nuclear safety regulator and the regulator responsible for the physical protection of nuclear facilities and nuclear and radioactive materials.

nuclear security, regulator, cybersecurity, cyberattack