We study how virtual incentive mechanisms (such as leaderboards) help motivate players to extend the game playing time. We have designed a multiplayer strategy game, called OilTrader, which is set in a game-theoretic framework of a Minority Game, to verify the effect of motivation reinforcement on the sustainability of game playing process. We have conducted an experiment with 114 players and evaluated their psychological types using the HEXAD player type model. Players were divided into a main experimental group (who used the user interface enhanced with motivation-increasing factors) and a control group (who used a simpler game interface). Results indicate that game players, who have used the motivation-enhancing interface, have had stronger motivation to play the game longer. Using statistical analysis, we have discovered that Free Spirits, Disruptors and Players (according to the HEXAD questionnaire player types) are more motivated by a progress leaderboard rather than an achievement leaderboard.

gamification, reinforcement model, reward system, incentive engineering, motivation, minority game