DOI: 10.3897/jucs.79494

Authors: Robert Ehrensperger, Clemens Sauerwein, Ruth Breu

Abstract: Digital transformation impacts longstanding business models and enables enterprises to create new ones. This transformation leads to increased competition that forces enterprises to compete, not only between companies but also between the entire supply chain and business networks. The emerging concept of digital business ecosystems (DBE) allows enterprises to concentrate on network co-creation and co-evolution of bundled services and products across enterprise boundaries. This exploratory study introduces a maturity model derived from existing DBEs. Based on employing a design science methodology, we reviewed 22 scientific publications, interviewed 28 senior experts from practice and derived a maturity model from the results. We applied the maturity model through an online survey to 29 DBEs from different industry sectors and compared it with 22 maturity assessment approaches from other domains. The maturity model enables researchers to compare and assess existing DBEs and helps practitioners to identify areas for improvement in the collaboration within DBEs.

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DOI: 10.3897/jucs.2020.059

Authors: Ranjan Behera, Sushree Das, Santanu Rath, Sanjay Misra, Robertas Damasevicius

Abstract: Stock prediction is one of the emerging applications in the field of data science which help the companies to make better decision strategy. Machine learning models play a vital role in the field of prediction. In this paper, we have proposed various machine learning models which predicts the stock price from the real-time streaming data. Streaming data has been a potential source for real-time prediction which deals with continuous ow of data having information from various sources like social networking websites, server logs, mobile phone applications, trading oors etc. We have adopted the distributed platform, Spark to analyze the streaming data collected from two different sources as represented in two case studies in this paper. The first case study is based on stock prediction from the historical data collected from Google finance websites through NodeJs and the second one is based on the sentiment analysis of Twitter collected through Twitter API available in Stanford NLP package. Several researches have been made in developing models for stock prediction based on static data. In this work, an effort has been made to develop scalable, fault tolerant models for stock prediction from the real-time streaming data. The Proposed model is based on a distributed architecture known as Lambda architecture. The extensive comparison is made between actual and predicted output for different machine learning models. Support vector regression is found to have better accuracy as compared to other models. The historical data is considered as a ground truth data for validation.

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DOI: 10.3897/jucs.2020.007

Authors: Anastasija Nikiforova, Janis Bicevskis, Zane Bicevska, Ivo Oditis

Abstract: The paper proposes a new data object-driven approach to data quality evaluation. It consists of three main components: (1) a data object, (2) data quality requirements, and (3) data quality evaluation process. As data quality is of relative nature, the data object and quality requirements are (a) use-case dependent and (b) defined by the user in accordance with his needs. All three components of the presented data quality model are described using graphical Domain Specific Languages (DSLs). In accordance with Model-Driven Architecture (MDA), the data quality model is built in two steps: (1) creating a platform-independent model (PIM), and (2) converting the created PIM into a platform-specific model (PSM). The PIM comprises informal specifications of data quality. The PSM describes the implementation of a data quality model, thus making it executable, enabling data object scanning and detecting data quality defects and anomalies. The proposed approach was applied to open data sets, analysing their quality. At least 3 advantages were highlighted: (1) a graphical data quality model allows the definition of data quality by non-IT and non-data quality experts as the presented diagrams are easy to read, create and modify, (2) the data quality model allows an analysis of "third-party" data without deeper knowledge on how the data were accrued and processed, (3) the quality of the data can be described at least at two levels of abstraction - informally using natural language or formally by including executable artefacts such as SQL statements.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-025-08-0946

Authors: Jonathan Frez, Nelson Baloian, José Pino, Gustavo Zurita, Franco Basso

Abstract: Planning efficient public transport is a key issue in modern cities. When planning a route for a bus or a line for a tram or subway, it is necessary to consider people's demand for this service. In this work we present a method to use existing crowdsourced data (like Waze and OpenStreetMap) and cloud services (like Google Maps) to support a transportation network decision making process. The method is based on the Dempster-Shafer Theory to model transportation demand. It uses data from Waze to provide a congestion probability and data from OpenStreetMap to provide information about location of facilities such as shops, in order to predict where people may need to start or end their trips using public transportation vehicles. The paper also presents an example using this method with real data. The example shows an analysis of the current availability of public transportation stops in order to discover its weak points.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-024-07-0975

Authors: Yves Wautelet, Manuel Kolp, Loris Penserini

Abstract: The increased symbiotic relationships between society and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) pave the ways for a substantial alignment and rethinking of current software development methodologies. This paper presents the use and validation of a software analysis and project management (PM) framework for iterative software development within the Tropos method. This methodology is servicedriven, its requirements models are founded on social-based modeling elements. The PM framework includes risk and quality management; it has been applied on multiple case studies and this paper presents a full experience report. The proposed methodology is aimed to provide a reference for practitioners willing to develop iteratively using Tropos.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-022-03-0360

Authors: Gui-Xun Luo, Yun Liu, Zhi-Yuan Zhang

Abstract: In this paper, based on abundant data from Sina Weibo, we perform a comprehensive and in-depth empirical analysis of repostings and draw some conclusions. First, in regards to quantity, reposting takes up a large proportion of daily microblog activity. Second, the depth of repostings follows an exponential distribution and the first three orders of repostings hold 99 percent of the total amount of reposting, which provides an important foundation for solving the question of Influence Maximization. Third, the time interval for repostings also obeys exponential distribution. Therefore, we have built a dynamic information propagation model in terms of conclusions drawn from Weibo data and the Continuous-Time Markov Process. Due to the basis of the temporal network, our proposed model can change with the time and structure of a network, thus giving it good adaptability and predictability as compared to the traditional information diffusion model. From the final simulation results, our proposed model achieves a good predictive effect.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-020-13-1791

Authors: Cheng Zheng, Weiming Shen, Hamada Ghenniwa

Abstract: Service discovery and integration is an important research area with efforts invested to explore the potential advantages of collaborative computing in general and service-oriented computing in particular. However, current technologies still limit their application within the reach of enterprise systems or privately available services. Intents is an emerging and innovative technique aimed to discover and integrate publically available services. In Intents, intent message resolving is a critical step which is deemed to decide the quality of the whole system. However, existing schemes applied in intent resolving adopt the exact-matching strategy which may rule out services desired by the user. This paper brings in information retrieval techniques and applies them to intent resolving. We take an empirical approach through extensive experiments and analyses on a real dataset to obtain guiding principles. Based on the resulting principles, an adaptive intent resolving scheme is designed. Afterwards, we integrate the scheme into the Intents user agent developed in a previous project.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-020-14-1964

Authors: Tapio Soikkeli, Juuso Karikoski, Heikki Hämmäinen

Abstract: Utilizing rich end user context information is viewed as one of the necessary approaches in developing more personalized mobile services and user experiences. The practical impact of end user context research and new opportunities in the field provided by emerging data collection methods such as handset-based measurements (i.e., collecting usage data directly from the end users' devices) have inspired new highly interesting large scale empirical context studies, but also brought quite diverse usage of the term context itself. Proper discussion and usage of context requires an unambiguous statement of how the term is understood in the particular case. On one hand the term should be positioned with the existing and commonly understood general definitions, but on the other hand it should also be acknowledged that especially an empirical research paper, or a context-aware service, can grasp only some specific aspects or elements of context. This paper proposes a context classification framework that aims to clarify the use of the term context in handset-based related end user studies. The framework is partly based on the experimental experience accumulated in our own handset panel studies. While helping researchers to plan context data acquisition and communicate and position the end user context elements used, the framework helps other stakeholders, such as application developers and service providers, to identify and utilize research and data most relevant for their particular needs. The paper also demonstrates the expressivity of the framework by examples.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-019-16-2420

Authors: Bo Liu, Baokang Zhao, Bo Liu, Chunqing Wu

Abstract: Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology, based on the laws of physics, can create unconditional security keys between communication parties. In recent years, researchers draw more and more attention to the QKD technology. Privacy amplification is a very significant procedure in QKD system. In this paper, we propose the real-time privacy amplification (RTPA) scheme which converts the weak secret string to a uniform key that is fully secret from Eve. Our detailed proofs show the security of our RTPA scheme. In order to prevent the potential man-in-middle attacks, we employ an authentication procedure to RTPA scheme (ARTPA) with the "-XOR almost universal hash functions. We implement our ARTPA scheme based on CLIP system, which is connected to the quantum communication system. Considering the privacy amplification and authentication overhead and the finite size effect on the security of final keys, we set the secret key length be 256k before privacy amplification and the authentication tag length be 60. Our experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed ARTPA scheme.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-019-12-1854

Authors: Leonardo Lezcano, Brigitte Jörg, Brian Lowe, Jon Corson-Rikert

Abstract: Institutional repositories (IR) and Current Research Information Systems (CRIS) store and manage information on the context in which research activity takes place. Several models, standards and ontologies have been proposed to date as solutions to provide coherent semantic descriptions of research information. These present a large degree of overlap but also present very different approaches to modelling. This paper introduces a contrast of two of the more widespread models, the VIVO ontology and the CERIF standards, and provides guidance for mapping them in a way that enables clients to integrate data coming from heterogeneous sources. The majority of mapping challenges have risen from the representation of VIVO sub-hierarchies in CERIF as well as from the representation of CERIF attributes in VIVO. In addition, the paper illustrates features for linking data across the Web, for querying of geographically distributed data stores and for aggregating data described using different data models in a common store. These features are supported by semantic web technologies including RDF, OWL and SWRL.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-019-01-0078

Authors: Aleksandar Spasić, Dragan Jankovic

Abstract: Three-dimensional television (3D TV) is expected by many to be the next step in the advancement of television. Due to significant financial exhaustion during the process of transition from analogue to digital production, low-budget broadcasters are not in the position to invest in a new 3D system. This paper proposes one model-driven framework approach to 3D TV production system applicable to and suitable for low-budget broadcasters. The target of the project is to define one of the possible scenarios for applying stereoscopic 3D technologies to low-budget TV production. 3D TV content production chain is described in the first step of the project. 3D TV production workflow is proposed in the second step. This step has two parts: the analyses of the production stages and their integral processes, and the definition of a problem space model which is suitable for low-budget 3D TV production. The preproduction, production and postproduction phases of a low-budget 3D TV production are described during the analyses of 3D TV content production workflow. The UML is used as a modelling tool. The behavioural description of a program production is modelled by the Use Case diagram. A state machine diagram is used to describe the dynamic behavioral representation and the life cycle of a 3D content. The flow and dependencies in 3D workflow are modelled by using the activity diagrams. The structural static representation (domain model) is presented by a class diagram.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-018-17-2432

Authors: Ji Ma

Abstract: Risk assessment and access control are important issues in cloud computing. In this paper, we propose a formal approach to risk assessment for RBAC Systems, in which access control decisions are taken after consideration of risk assessment. The risk assessment method considers partial orderings on objects and actions, which allow us to effectively capture the notions of importance of objects and criticality of actions and then to determine the risk of assigning a specific role to a specific user. We in particular consider the cases of permission assignment and delegation assignment.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-018-14-2071

Authors: Henna Suomi, Kalevi Kilkki, Heikki Hämmäinen

Abstract: Recently, adding multipath capability in the Internet protocol suite has attracted increasing interest. By letting end hosts discover several paths to communicate, end-to-end multipath protocols aim to improve utilization rate of Internet resources. Although many proposals for end-to-end multipath communication exist, they have not reached significant deployment. Since the multipath protocols are mainly designed for open multi-stakeholder environments, understanding their economic impact is important. This paper introduces a model for assessing the value of the end-to-end multipath protocols from the end user perspective. Without a net benefit of the end user, the end-to-end multipath communication only results in the reallocation of costs and benefits in the Internet connectivity market. The model indicates that wireless devices having access to multiple independent access operators via similar or dissimilar access technologies are crucial in achieving end user value out of multipath communication. Initially, the end user value seems higher when the radio interfaces to access operators are active one at a time but later on, along with higher-energy batteries and lower-energy protocols, full benefit of multipath communication can be achieved. The value of multipath protocols depends on the effective path diversity and available capacity on the Internet.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-016-20-3102

Authors: Bernhard Thalheim

Abstract: Conceptual modelling is a widely applied practice and has led to a large body of knowledge on constructs that might be used for modelling and on methods that might be useful for modelling. It is commonly accepted that database application development is based on conceptual modelling. It is however surprising that only very few publications have been published on a theory of conceptual modelling. Modelling is typically supported by languages that are well-founded and easy to apply for the description of the application domain, the requirements and the system solution. It is thus based on a theory of modelling constructs. At the same time, modelling incorporates a description of the application domain and a prescription of requirements for supporting systems. It is thus based on methods of application domain gathering. Modelling is also an engineering activity with engineering steps and engineering results. It is thus engineering. The first facet of modelling has led to a huge body of knowledge. The second facet is considered from time to time in the scientific literature. The third facet is underexposed in the scientific literature. This paper aims in developing principles of conceptual modelling. They cover modelling constructs as well as modelling activities as well as modelling properties. We first clarify the notion of conceptual modelling. Principles of modelling may be applied and accepted or not by the modeler. Based on these principles we can derive a theory of conceptual modelling that combines foundations of modelling constructs, application capture and engineering. A general theory of conceptual modelling is far too comprehensive and far too complex. It is not yet visible how such a theory can be developed. This paper therefore aims in introducing a framework and an approach to a general theory of conceptual modelling. We are however in urgent need of such a theory. We are sure that this theory can be developed and use this paper for the introduction of the main ingredients of this theory.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-016-19-2862

Authors: Mark Melia, Claus Pahl

Abstract: Authoring of Adaptive Educational Hypermedia is a complex activity requiring the combination of a range of design and validation techniques. We demonstrate how Adaptive Educational Hypermedia can be transformed into CAVIAr courseware validation models allowing for its validation. The model-based representation and analysis of different concerns and model-based mappings and transformations are key contributors to this integrated solution. We illustrate the benefits of Model Driven Engineering methodologies that allow for interoperability between CAVIAr and a well known Adaptive Educational Hypermedia framework. By allowing for the validation of Adaptive Educational Hypermedia, the course creator limits the risk of pedagogical problems in migrating to Adaptive Educational Hypermedia from static courseware.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-016-13-1761

Authors: Kichan Nam, Nam Lee

Abstract: This study provides a conceptual framework with respect to service innovation, especially from a service-dominant logic (S-D logic) perspective. Even though innovation has been discussed as one of the most critical elements in enhancing the competitiveness of service industry, it was not clear how service innovation should be different from diverse types of existing innovation. The S-D logic provides a novel and valuable theoretical perspective that unifies the conventional literature on innovation. According to this new logic, four types of service innovation are presented based on two dimensions: the degree of co-creation and the degree of networked collaboration. We argue that service innovation can arise by the activity of value co-creation between firm and customer on the first dimension. On the second dimension, the firm needs to enhance their own capabilities for service innovation by applying the resources of all actors including suppliers and customers. Our framework indicates that it is critical for productive service innovation to make customers participate in value creation process and to integrate the dispersed resources held by participants. Examples are discussed with respect to different types of services innovation.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-016-01-0178

Authors: Grzegorz Kolaczek, Krzysztof Juszczyszyn

Abstract: In this paper we consider a multiagent system with multiple ontologies. The agents maintain the ontologies individually which leads to frequent changes and possible knowledge inconsistencies. We propose a general framework for decision making about ontology alignment and negotiation which takes into account the properties of the actual communication network and utilizes the Deontic Logic formalism for reasoning.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-015-13-2485

Authors: Vu Tan, Dae-Seung Yoo, Jun-Chol Shin, Myeong-Jae Yi

Abstract: This paper presents the architecture of a multiagent system based on new OPC Unified Architecture (UA) technology for hierarchical control and monitoring of a complex process control system. This architecture is proposed with utilization of the OPC technology, which contains both a continuous-event component and a discreteevent component by incorporating XML for the negotiation and cooperation with the multiagent system's environments. The practical applications of the proposed architecture are provided and the discussion demonstrates that the proposed architecture is both reliable and effective for applying to multiagent-based complex control system applications.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-015-09-1924

Authors: Yong Xiang, Shaohua Zhang, Yuzhu Shen, Meilin Shi

Abstract: Automatic workflow generation is becoming an active research area for dealing with the dynamics of grid infrastructure, because it has a pervasive impact on system usability, flexibility and robustness. Artificial intelligence technology and explicit knowledge have been exploited in some research for workflow construction or composition. With the increasing use of knowledge, its quality has growing impact on system performance. In this report, we present the process pattern as a vehicle for knowledge representation to capture process expertise at the business level. A pattern-based planning approach is proposed for automated workflow generation. Our pattern-oriented approach decreases user-visible complexity and makes systems more scalable and flexible by utilizing explicit knowledge support. Then we propose a hybrid method of pattern knowledge optimization for pattern-based workflow generation planning; experts define the primary model, and subsequent classifier training adjusts and improves the pattern knowledge settings. Experiments with a prototype application demonstrated that this approach can substantially reduce modelling difficulties and effectively improve pattern knowledge quality.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-015-04-0941

Authors: Dariusz Król, Aleksander Lupa

Abstract: A lot of work is devoted to analysing architectures for coordinating the behaviour of individual agents. However, providing agents with abilities to migrate continues to be a highly challenging problem. We propose a novel multi-agent framework, called Agent-based Migration (AM). We begin by defining the principal objective, which is the migration phenomenon applied, in our case, to distributed calculation of prime numbers. We present the AM architecture in detail. Then, we introduce different types of migration and the communication scheme. We also conduct a set of experiments in two environments: 4 heterogeneous computers and 45 (almost) homogeneous computers. Specifically, we are looking for a way to find optimal configurations for migration in both environments. The conclusion from this work is that introducing propagation to a system in a form of agent migration in both networks could considerably decrease the execution time according to used algorithms and established assumptions.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-014-19-3160

Authors: Josefina García, Christophe Lemaigre, Juan Manuel González Calleros, Jean Vanderdonckt

Abstract: Many methods in the area of Human-Computer Interaction have been developed for deriving user interfaces considering individual users. However, nowadays information systems include more than single interaction, there is a need to explicitly include multi user interaction during the design process of information systems. One of this approaches are workflow systems. Workflow information systems present the view of the organization, while modelling their business process; workflow systems define explicitly the role of each actor during the performance of the different tasks. The introduction of aspects such as: organizational units, agendas, Wok list, user stereotypes and resources, allows the design of more robust systems, especially when all of them are considered during the development of the User Interfaces needed. In this paper, we present a model-driven approach to derive user interfaces of a workflow information system from a series of models. A graphical editor has been developed. It is described and exemplified on a real-world case study for designing the user interfaces of a workflow information system.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-014-07-1154

Authors: Dariusz Król, Michał Zelmozer

Abstract: This paper is dedicated to the issue of structural performance of multi-agent platforms. Due to the wide range of all available architectures, we have concentrated only on Java RMI implementations. The main goal of this paper consists of two parts. The first one is to investigate and develop the performance metrics to enable evaluation of distributed systems without reorganization of the running system. The second part is the programming verification of two considered Java RMI multi-agent solutions: Aglets and Jade. We have examined the defined metrics in many experiments with different network and environment configurations to provide experimental evidence that these metrics are adequate in variety of conditions.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-014-05-0615

Authors: Kalevi Kilkki

Abstract: Communications ecosystem covers a huge area from technical issues to business models and human behaviour. Due to this extreme diversity various societies need to discuss with each other, each of them using their own language. Engineers talk about network performance and quality of service, business people talk about average revenue per user and customer churn while behavioural scientists talk about happiness and experiences. Thus, everyone who wants to understand, or even analyze, the whole ecosystem, has to deal with all these diverse issues. In addition to the apparent communication problems, the main challenges of ecosystem analysis are to realistically model human behaviour, and to efficiently combine the models developed for different domains. A central concept when solving these problems is quality of experience (QoE). This paper sheds light on the role of QoE by means of a common framework that covers the whole communications ecosystem. Additionally, a research agenda for a holistic ecosystem analysis is outlined.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-013-07-0991

Authors: Davinia Hernández-Leo, Andreas Harrer, Juan Dodero, Juan Asensio-Pérez, Daniel Burgos

Abstract: IMS Learning Design (IMS LD) is an interoperable and standardized language that enables the computational representation of Units of Learning (UoLs). However, its adoption and extensive use in real practice largely depends on the extent to which teachers can design and author their own UoLs according to the requirements of their educational situations. Many of the proposed design processes for facilitating the creation of UoLs are based on the reuse of complete or non-complete learning design solutions at different levels of granularity. This paper introduces a comparison framework that conceptually analyzes and classifies reusable learning design solutions and processes that drive the creation of ready-to-run UoLs. The framework provides a comprehensible representation of such processes and units of reuse over two dimensions, namely granularity and completeness. It also offers a frame for discussing issues, such as the proper level of reuse, of existing and forthcoming proposals. Finally, it opens the path to other strands for future research such as providing language independence of learning designs or proposing approaches for the selection of the reusable solutions.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-013-04-0504

Authors: Denis Helic

Abstract: Nowadays, advanced E-Learning systems are generally pedagogy-aware. Commonly, these systems include facilities for defining so-called learning scenarios that reflect sophisticated pedagogical approaches such as collaborative writing or project-oriented learning. To support different learning activities from such scenarios the technological infrastructure of these systems must be appropriately adjusted and configured. Usually, this configuration process is laced with a number of difficulties. Most of these difficulties are caused by the fact that scenario capturing is achieved through informal user-developer dialogues. Typically, the result of such informal dialogues contains inconsistent and incomplete information because of misunderstandings and the complexity of the interactions within a scenario. Consequently, the configuration of the system is suboptimal and a number of iterations are required in order to achieve better results. In this paper an approach to improve this situation is presented. This approach is based on a general formal representation model for describing learning scenarios. A particular formal description of a concrete learning scenario is obtained through a user dialogue with a wizard tool. At the next step, this formal description might be automatically processed to facilitate configuration process. The paper is concluded with some experiences gained by applying this approach in two E-Learning projects.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-012-09-1385

Authors: József Tick, Zoltán Kovacs, Ferenc Friedler

Abstract: Optimal synthesis of workflow structures, the formerly undefined problem, has been introduced. Mathematical programming model is presented for determining the cost optimal workflow system of a given workflow problem. On the basis of a methodology developed for process network synthesis, effective solvers are available for the systematic synthesis of workflow systems.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-012-09-1345

Authors: Peter Nagy, Istvan Pinter, Mihely Bagany

Abstract:

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-011-06-0830

Authors: Vasilis Delis, Christos Makris, Spyros Sioutas

Abstract: The paper is concerned with the effective and efficient processing of spatiotemporal selection queries under varying degrees of approximation. Such queries may employ operators like overlaps, north, during, etc., and their result is a set of entities standing approximately in some spatiotemporal relation with respect to a query object X. The contribution of the present work is twofold: i) it presents a formal mathematical framework for representing multidimensional relations at varying granularity levels, modelling relation approximation through the concept of relation convexity, ii) it subsequently exploits the proposed framework for developing approximate spatiotemporal retrieval mechanisms, combining a set of existing as well as new main memory and secondary memory data structures that achieve either optimal or the best known performance in terms of time and space complexity, for both the static and the dynamic setting.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-011-02-0357

Authors: Radoslaw Katarzyniak

Abstract: An original approach to modelling internal structure of artificial cognitive agents and the phenomenon of language grounding is presented. The accepted model for the internal cognitive space reflects basic structural properties of human cognition and assumes the partition of cognitive phenomena into conscious and non-conscious. The language is treated as a set of semiotic symbols and is used in semantic communication. Semiotic symbols are related to the internal content of empirical knowledge bases in which they are grounded. This relation is given by the so-called epistemic satisfaction relations defining situations in which semiotic symbols are adequate (grounded) representations of embodied experience. The importance of non-conscio us embodied knowledge in language grounding and production is accepted. An example of application of the proposed approach to the analysis of grounding requirements is given for the case of logic equivalences extended with modal operators of possibility, belief and knowledge. Implementation issues are considered.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-010-04-0428

Authors: Artur Boronat, Jennifer Pérez, Jose Carsí, Isidro Ramos

Abstract: This paper presents an outline of a formal model management framework that provides breakthroughs for legacy systems recovery (RELS) and for data migration (ADAM). To recover a legacy system, we use an algebraic approach by using algebras in order to represent the models and manipulate them. RELS also generates automatically a data migration plan that specifies a data transfer process to save all the legacy knowledge in the new recovered data-base. The data migration solution is also introduced as a support for the O-O conceptual schemas evolution where their persistent layers are stored by means of relational databases, in the ADAM tool. Contents and structure of the data migration plans are specified using an abstract data migration language. Our past experience in both projects has guided us towards the model management research field. We present a case study that illustrates the application of both tools.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-010-03-0162

Authors: Matteo Bonifacio, Pierfranco Camussone, Chiara Zini

Abstract: KM is more an archipelago of theories and practices rather than a monolithic approach. We propose a conceptual map that organizes some major approaches to KM according to their assumptions on the nature of knowledge. The paper introduces the two major views on knowledge -objectivist, subjectivist - and explodes each of them into two major approaches to KM: knowledge as a market, and knowledge as intellectual capital (the objectivistic perspective), knowledge as mental models, and knowledge as practice (the subjectivist perspective). We argue that the dichotomy between objective and subjective approaches is intrinsic to KM within complex organizations, as each side of the dichotomy responds to different, and often conflicting, needs: on the one hand, the need to maximize the value of knowledge through its replication, on the other hand, the need to keep knowledge appropriate to an increasingly complex and changing environment. Moreover, as a proposal for a deeper discussion, such trade-off will be suggested as the origin of other relevant KM related trade-offs that will be listed. Managing these trade-offs will be proposed as a main challenge of KM.

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DOI: 10.3217/jucs-009-06-0491

Authors: Matteo Bonifacio, Alessandra Molani

Abstract: The goal of this article is to explore some of the main reasons that sustain a distributed approach to Knowledge Management, and this will be done, first, showing how, according to very different theoretical disciplines, knowledge diversity is proposed as the very source of organizational innovation and adaptability, second providing some evidence coming from major applicative domains, third proposing some considerations on the role of technology.

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